Psychology of raising children brought into the science section in the 40s of the twentieth century. The goal of this direction is to find solutions to the problems of raising children's personalities, their harmonious formation, development of morality, etc. The psychology of raising children is the basis educational psychology, which helps to resolve and understand the problems of each child and find an approach to a representative of the younger generation.
Raising 2-year-old children is not as simple as it seems at first glance. Difficulties associated with raising children repeatedly arise for many parents. A baby who is two years old often causes a lot of trouble for his parents with his stubbornness. At this age, a baby can become a “dire ordeal” for its parents. The little tyrant often objects to an adult who is slightly larger than him. The most difficult situation is for those parents who are sure that the child should obey them in any case. Often, a 2-year-old child shows his character, reacts with irritation, throws tantrums, rejects the help of adults, and parents often cannot understand what is happening to the baby.
A child at the age of 2 years has well-developed motor function and there are no places for him where he cannot reach. The baby is already better at speaking and, thanks to his skills, he tries to be “self-governing.” If adults understand that these are only his physical achievements, then it will be easier for them to show their tolerance than to assume that he specifically wants to unbalance his parents.
Psychology of raising children under 3 years old - tips
The child should be asked questions that he can answer either “yes” or “no,” and the adult should be willing to accept both of these options. For example, when you need to leave the playground with your child, you should tell him this: “we are leaving in 5 minutes.” After the time has elapsed, action should be taken. It is necessary to confidently say: “it’s time to go,” if the child resists, then you need to persistently take him away.
You should give the baby the right to choose - for example, choose your own clothing option from the two provided.
The psychology of raising children under 3 years of age includes flexibility in parenting. It is important to support any choice of the child and teach him to be responsible for his choice. For example, if the baby is hungry but refuses to eat, then you should not categorically insist on eating at this very moment; you should simply put the food aside. The baby will definitely return to the food offered. If adults adhere to these tips, then the difficult age of a two-year-old baby will pass unnoticed.
Every parent wants to raise their child correctly so that he grows up to be a full-fledged, healthy and creative person.
Raising a 3-year-old child requires a lot of attention and patience from adults. Over the next years of life, children will develop basic character traits and develop ideas about the basics of behavior in adulthood. Often the behavior of a 3-year-old child is characterized by capriciousness and hysterics. In such situations, it is important for adults not to lose patience and to patiently and calmly explain to the baby what they don’t like about the baby’s behavior. It is recommended to focus the child’s attention on what exactly upset the adult. Afterwards, you need to distract attention with something interesting and not focus on this conflict.
The psychology of raising a 3-year-old child is aimed at eliminating unnecessary prohibitions and showing rigor, otherwise in the future the baby will become overly demanding, capricious and picky. You cannot beat or humiliate a child; you should let him feel equal to adults.
A three-year-old child begins to recognize himself as an individual, but due to the lack of life experience, the baby does not know how to show his independence, perseverance, and activity in achieving a goal. In order for a child to develop harmoniously, it is necessary to fill his life with interesting activities, games, and walks. The child should always be treated tactfully and fairly, and then the child, having matured, will repay with his love and respect.
Raising a 4-year-old child is quite difficult. At 4 years old, the baby is a separate personality with his own desires, his own opinions and emotions.
The proper upbringing of a 4-year-old child will have an impact on all aspects of his future life, so this issue must be approached very carefully. If in early childhood the child’s life is mainly controlled by emotions and instincts, then by the age of 4 his behavior becomes more conscious.
In order to choose the right direction in raising a 4-year-old child, you should consider the key points in the development of children at this age.
The psychology of raising 4-year-old children needs to be changed due to a shift in emphasis from physical activity to mental activity (all kinds of creativity are of interest to the child: modeling, drawing, making various crafts); This behavior needs to be encouraged, especially if the baby is not assiduous. At 4 years old, if health allows, it is recommended to enroll your child in a sports section (swimming, gymnastics, etc.). We must not forget about daily walks, which strengthen the immune system, and outdoor games develop gross motor skills. If the baby already knows the alphabet, then he should begin to teach him to read. It is advisable to introduce the baby to the basics of mathematics in a playful way.
At the age of 4, curiosity and endless “why?” are observed, which can unsettle any adult. The baby’s questions should be answered directly and without unnecessary details. If the adult does not own necessary information, then you should tell the kid about it and promise to find the answer in the near future.
If your child is already visiting kindergarten and he has problems adapting to the team, then an adult should help him overcome them. First, you need to determine the cause of this condition (shyness, embarrassment, jealousy), and then teach the baby to properly communicate with peers, share toys, or, if necessary, stand up for himself. If you cannot solve this problem and it becomes global, then it is better to seek help from a child psychologist.
Family psychology for raising 4-year-old children takes into account certain changes that the child’s psyche undergoes in the process of growing up. A 4-year-old child begins to experience new feelings: irritation, resentment, shame, sadness. He is not able to cope with them on his own, he may not obey, and behave badly. During this period, it is important to support the baby and explain that everyone experiences emotions - and this is normal. It is necessary to tell the child that it is better to express his feelings not through bad behavior, but through words. It is necessary to praise the baby, since the lack of praise is felt very acutely by the baby, and punishment should be strictly to the point, so that it is clear why. The child should be praised for new achievements or for great efforts in any matter. You should always tell your four-year-old about your love, even if the behavior is not pleasing.
Raising a 4 year old girl. As practice shows, it is easier to raise a girl than a boy. This is due to a calmer and more obedient disposition inherent in purely feminine character traits. Girls prefer to play “mother-daughter”, “hospital”, “shop”, “hairdresser”. By encouraging such games and behavior, it is important to maintain your daughter’s confidence in her beauty and exclusivity. This will allow her to have adequate self-esteem in the future. A girl needs to be instilled with a love of cleanliness, punctuality, and femininity.
Raising a 4 year old boy. Boys are by nature more active and often aggressive. At the age of 4, a boy must understand that girls cannot be offended and know why. A man from the family must be involved. This can be either dad or other male representatives of the family - uncle or grandfather. This makes a big difference. In addition, the boy must be faced with as few prohibitions as possible, since an active child will still find an opportunity to overcome them.
The more adults spend time together with the baby playing games and various activities, the more inquisitive, capable and smart he will grow up.
A 5-year-old child continues to learn about himself and other people—representatives of society. He begins to gradually realize that there are some connections in the relationships of people, as well as in their social behavior. In the behavior of 5-year-old children, one can detect the formation of the rudiments of self-regulation. Children begin to make demands on themselves that adults previously made of them. Five-year-old children are already able to finish what they start, not be distracted by interesting things, are able to put away toys, and put things in order in the room.
The psychology of raising children 5 years old should include persistence on the part of adults, since children at this age begin to realize that there are generally accepted norms and rules of behavior, and begin to understand their responsibility and obligation to comply with these norms and rules.
Emotionally, the baby is able to experience the assessment of his behavior given by others; he begins to understand to what extent he himself complies with generally accepted norms and rules, and whether he complies with moral and ethical ideas.
It is quite easy for a five-year-old child to follow norms when interacting with people he likes, such as friends. With peers five year old baby is able to control his aggression, play and share toys, and immerse himself in educational games with interest.
The psychology of raising 5-year-old children reveals changes in the child’s self-image. The ratings and opinions of friends become important. At this age, the baby is selective in choosing friends; he is able to establish stable relationships with peers. A 5-year-old child takes as friends those who have positive qualities or are successful in some business. You can often hear from five year old child that his friend does not fight and is interested in playing with someone.
At age 5 no big difference in raising a girl or boy. Of course, boys are more energetic, and girls are more diligent, but the main points from the psychology of education are suitable for both sexes. At 5 years old, mood changes do not occur so violently, and the matured baby becomes much calmer. If you turn to him with a request, he will respond quite adequately to the words and requests of adults. Adults should constantly explain to the child why something should not be done.
By brushing aside various children's “whys?”, adults will contribute to the fact that the baby will become less proactive and will think that there are some taboo questions that are better not to ask. The more often parents answer their child’s questions, the better for adults. In this way, the child will understand that he can turn to his parents with his questions, and this means that in adolescence, when faced with problems, he will come to his parents for advice. To prevent your baby from becoming withdrawn, you should constantly maintain communication with her. If an adult notices that the child wants to say something, then you can get ahead of him and ask him leading questions. If a child asks, you should always answer. In order for upbringing to go well, it is necessary to give the baby a sufficient amount of attention.
To summarize, it should be noted that the psychology of raising a child should correspond to the age-related needs of the baby. The full development of the baby is possible under the condition of security and a sense of love. Otherwise, the adult risks encountering resistance and passivity from his child. Raising a child will have an effect if the child achieves success in any type of activity. Having experienced such a moment, the student will feel a sense of satisfaction from his result and participation in the activity. The educational process should not be open, otherwise the baby will realize that they are trying to influence him with moral teachings and will actively resist.
How to raise a boy- a question that occupies the minds of most mothers, regardless of the era, because any of them wants to raise the support of the family and raise a real man. Unfortunately, boys do not grow up to be men with a capital “M” on their own. Today, psychologists cannot come to a consensus on who among the adults is more important in raising a son. However, if you analyze family life many cells of society, we can conclude that the greatest influence on boys from the moment of birth until the preschool period is directly exerted by their mothers. Since the first years of a boy’s life, when the baby’s character is formed and basic social skills are formed, it is the mother who spends a significant part of the time with the baby. It is the woman who, in practice, demonstrates to her son how to treat the weaker half of humanity.
Contrary to popular belief, a boy raised by women will not necessarily grow up to be weak and weak. The statement that a boy raised without a father will grow up to be an inferior man is fundamentally incorrect and, rather, affects single mothers as a self-fulfilling forecast. It is much worse when raising children takes place in a family where the father is an alcoholic, where constant quarrels and misunderstandings, where the father raises his hand against the mother, etc. Single-parent families, first of all, are those in which there is a shortage of parental love and lack of attention.
A family where a son is raised by one woman naturally has certain problems and difficulties, but it is still better than raising children in government institutions.
How to raise a boy to be a real man - advice from psychologists
First of all, even in the absence of a father, who is a model of male behavior in a boy’s life, there must be such an example to follow. For this purpose, you can use an uncle, grandfather, coach, teacher, brave cartoon character, etc. It is also recommended to give the baby to the so-called “male” sport. Thus, than more A male person will always be present in his life, so much the better.
How to raise a boy without a father? Mothers also need to monitor their own attitude towards the stronger sex. You should not insult men in the presence of children; also, when surrounded by men, mothers should not feel awkward or inconvenient. After all, the child can feel this, as a result of which he will have mixed feelings caused by the inconsistency maternal attitude towards him and the men around him, the result of which will be misunderstanding and internal conflict.
How can a woman raise a boy? When raising a baby without a father, it is not recommended to try to compensate him for the lack of male attention, at the cost of excessive “lisping” or fulfilling any of his whims. The best decision would be to teach your son early age to independence. If something doesn’t work out for the boy the first time, then you don’t need to immediately run to his aid; it’s better to invite him to try to repeat his own actions.
It is also recommended that mothers often take the position of a “weak woman” when communicating with the baby. In other words, a woman in raising her son should not forget about her nature and be affectionate with him, caring and loving parent, and not a wizard who can solve absolutely all a boy’s problems, depriving the little one of the opportunity to try to cope with difficulties on his own. Also, such behavior will help develop in your son the ability to sympathize, pity and empathize, and teaches him to be a caring, helpful, strong man.
In addition, it is necessary to often praise the child and tell him phrases like: “you are my protector”, “you will definitely succeed!” etc. After all, for a boy growing up without a father, such praise has a special meaning. With this behavior, women reinforce the importance of the boy in the eyes of his mother.
Thus, women who are interested in the question of how to raise a man from a boy, on the one hand, need to be feminine and weak, and on the other hand, to be known as a confident and strong-willed person. Mothers raising sons without fathers should not try to combine feminine and masculine roles; they just need to remain themselves. It is also not recommended to play the role of a victim of circumstances in front of your son.
Raising a boy, a future real man, should not be perceived as a duty or a life obligation. As a result of the above, a boy raised by women in order to become a real man has all the prerequisites.
It is important in raising a male child to give him trust and a certain amount of freedom. It is not recommended to forbid him to spend time with the children in the yard or communicate with other boys. The boy must be given the opportunity to independently find solutions to situations of confrontation.
How to raise a boy correctly? To do this, parents should make some efforts. One of the most common misconceptions among parents of both sexes can be identified, related to the difference in educational measures applied to sons and daughters. For some reason, some mothers and almost the majority of fathers think that with a boy you should not allow yourself “calf tenderness” and so-called “lisping”, believing that as a result similar behavior from the boy a real man won't grow. However, things are different in reality. Psychologists have provided evidence that among newborns of both sexes, boys are born weaker than girls, so they often need affection more than girls.
The educational influence on boys, in any case, is based on age characteristics baby. Therefore, it is necessary to start a conversation about how to properly raise a 2-year-old boy with an understanding of what a two-year-old baby is like.
Until one and a half years of age, there is no difference in the upbringing of children of different sexes. It is at the age of two that the baby begins to understand that boys are different from girls. At two years old, the boy already begins to realize that he belongs to the male gender and identifies himself accordingly.
An important role in the educational influence on a two-year-old boy belongs to positive communication with him. You should not get angry or hit a baby at the age of two, otherwise boys will feel that they are not loved, which can cause the appearance of the first symptom of a basic distrust of the world.
By the age of two, boys not only improve their walking, but also develop the ability to run and jump, they learn to throw a ball, and their sense of balance improves. Therefore, a boy should not be prohibited from developing physically. It's okay if, in trying to run and jump, he gets a few bumps and a couple of bruises.
At this stage, the boys develop an attitude towards housework - they have a desire to help their mother, a desire to sweep or vacuum, etc. Such aspirations of children should be encouraged, otherwise they can be discouraged and in the future the child will simply “come out on his own.”
In two years age period For the first time, there is a need to develop certain prohibitions and certain norms of behavior. Contrary to the popular opinion of most psychologists, a baby begins to understand the word “impossible” at approximately the age of three, therefore certain restrictions and a system of non-physical punishment must be introduced already at the age of two.
How to raise a 2 year old boy? It is not recommended to overwhelm the boy with excessive care and you should not put pressure on him with your own expectations. For example, if a two-year-old boy does not speak, this is not a reason not to sleep at night. It should be taken into account that boys start talking later than girls. The main thing at this stage is the formation of motor activity and cognitive interests. And even if the baby doesn’t draw as well as the neighbor’s child, then you shouldn’t be upset. After all, each baby develops individually. And with their own expectations and subsequent dissatisfaction or frustration, parents demonstrate their dislike to the child.
The main activity of two-year-old boys is play, which consists of actions with objects of a manipulative nature. It is through such a game that the baby learns environment, objects in it and people. Directly in play activities, it is easier to teach boys discipline, routine, order, certain rules, hygiene skills and basic work skills, how to handle objects, compare them.
It is important for parents to learn that boys should not be punished with cruelty or indifference. By doing this, the parents only demonstrate their weakness to the baby, which can subsequently turn into a weakness of the boy’s character. Strength of spirit in boys needs to be cultivated using other methods.
Children should also be raised according to their gender. In other words, it is not recommended to use words such as “bunny” or “honey” when referring to a male baby. It is better to address your son as follows: “son” or “my beloved protector.”
In early childhood, the most important thing for children of the stronger sex is to be in the zone of parental attention and care, primarily of the mother. At the same time, a father should not shy away from raising a 3-year-old boy, citing the fact that his son is still small. At the age of three, boys develop a sense of security and a sense of openness to the environment. Therefore, the care of both parents is quite important for them.
How to raise a 3 year old boy? What principles should the upbringing of a three-year-old boy be based on? What educational measures are acceptable, and which ones are best avoided? The listed questions become acute for adults when their male child reaches three years old.
So, how to raise a man from a boy? To answer this question, you need to understand that at the stage of three years of age there is already a clear differentiation by gender in comparison with the two-year period. Therefore, at this age it is very important to try not to miss the formation in boys of self-love as a representative of the strong half of humanity. The son should think that he is a boy, and it is good to be a boy. This statement must be constantly reinforced and emphasized in praise. For example: “You are brave.” And phrases like “weakling” need to be excluded from your own vocabulary in relation to your son.
How to raise a boy for dad? Due to the fact that a child at the age of three feels even more strongly that he belongs to the stronger half of humanity. That is why his father becomes an object of admiration and increased interest for him. The boy strives to be like the head of the family in absolutely everything, and often tries on some of his things. In cases where the father is characterized by impatience and excessive irritability in relation to the baby, the son will feel awkward in his company and among other males. As a result, he will begin to look up to his mother and reach out to her. Therefore, for fathers, the optimal time to begin the educational process in relation to boys is the age of three. You shouldn’t wait until the kids get older and, therefore, wiser, as you could waste time. Therefore, mothers are recommended to send their sons for a walk with their husbands, which will allow them to allocate free time for themselves, and for dads to get to know their own child better.
The next principle of educational influence, which answers the question of how to raise a boy to be a real man, will be to provide space for a three-year-old son. Here, first of all, we are talking about physical space. Since boys need free space for normal functioning and development. After all, they are constantly on the move. It is imperative to release bodily energy; active games contribute to this.
There are also hyperactive children who require a slightly different approach. In order to understand how to raise a hyperactive boy, you should turn to the concept of hyperactivity. Hyperactivity syndrome consists of pronounced excessive mobility of children and impulsiveness. Such children are characterized by restlessness, they constantly spin around, are fickle in their hobbies (now they can do one thing, and literally a minute later - another), as a result of which many things are not completed.
A three-year-old boy requires special treatment. Since one of the developmental crises occurs at the age of three, at this stage the baby begins to clearly differentiate its gender and all this is complicated by hyperactivity. Therefore, if parents pay special attention to the question of how to raise a hyperactive boy, then there is no need to fight the innate properties of the baby, it is necessary to correct only manifestations of hyperactivity. There is no need to punish the boy for such manifestations, because it is not his fault that he still lacks self-regulation skills. You just need to help him learn to manage his own behavior and protect him from overwork. If active games are suitable for a non-hyperactive baby, then a hyperactive baby should be taught passive games, for example, you can draw with him.
In addition, regardless of whether the son is hyperactive or not, he needs to feel parental love. Therefore, parents should show their children their love from time to time.
The age of three can be considered a cult of independence. Very often from children at this age you can hear the phrase: “I myself.” If the actions that the boy is trying to perform cannot harm him, then he should be allowed to do them. For example, tying your own shoelaces.
Also, in the educational impact it is necessary to take into account the fact that boys, by nature, are researchers. It is at the age of three that their investigative nature begins to manifest itself in the form of disassembled cars. Therefore, you should not scold them for broken toys. It is necessary to provide them with the opportunity to satisfy their research needs while monitoring the safety of their son.
We can highlight several simple principles aimed at solving the problem of how to raise a 4-year-old boy.
The first principle is that one should not be afraid to cripple a boy with affection and care. According to numerous studies, male children receive four times less praise and several times more punishment. Therefore, parents should not forget that a four-year-old boy is still a child, and not a small adult. He may be afraid of something; for him, a trip to a new place can be a life event. It is important to understand that adult living standards, concepts of time and space are not suitable for a four-year-old child.
In the age period, which falls on four years, the baby’s emotionality begins to form. And parents at this stage demand restrained behavior from him or, with their careless phrases, forbid him to show emotions. This behavior is fundamentally wrong. A four-year-old boy is just a child, not an adult. Therefore, it is necessary to teach the boy to correctly express his own emotions.
It should also be taken into account that boys at any age require more free space than the fair sex. Therefore, in order to balance the frantic hurricane of activity, it is recommended to purchase a sports corner for your son. Filial restlessness and noisiness must be treated with condescension and patience. However, you should still remember to focus the baby’s attention on the fact that he, as a man, needs to be balanced.
It is during the four-year period that the completion of the formation of boys’ ideas about their own personalities as representatives of the male sex occurs. Previously, the baby was guided by the external differences between the representatives of the strong half and the weak. At the age of four, the baby already clearly identifies himself with the male gender and understands how to behave.
At the age of five, the ability to identify one’s own person with a certain gender is already fully formed. Therefore, kids begin to actively strive to communicate with representatives of the fair half of humanity, but they are especially drawn to their mothers. After all, for them, it is the mother who is the sweetest, kindest and most beautiful. Often at this age boys want to marry their mothers. Starting from the five-year period, a transition occurs in the baby’s life from childhood to school life. Therefore, at this stage, the upbringing of a 5-year-old boy should be aimed at developing the necessary life skills and optimizing performance. Raising five-year-old children should lay the foundation and behavioral characteristics.
How to properly raise a 5 year old boy? First of all, it is necessary to instill in him a joyful anticipation of school life; the boy must look forward to this moment. Thanks to this, parents will be able to correctly and painlessly adjust his daily routine.
We should also not forget that the future support of the family is being raised. Therefore, it is necessary to continue nurturing masculine qualities, but at the same time, not forgetting to surround your son with care and love. Fathers need to exert more influence, otherwise the boy will grow up to be an insecure individual, withdrawn and uncommunicative. The father’s task is also the physical development of his son.
Until the age of five, a boy can purchase toys that embody male professions (for example, plastic tools, various construction machines, construction sets), and after crossing the five-year mark, he must begin to be introduced to a basic tool (for example, a screwdriver or a light hammer). Let the boy learn to help dad around the house.
It is also necessary to explain to sons that they are stronger than the fair sex, that they should protect the girls and behave with them in a chivalrous manner. At the same time, dad should be an example of such behavior. He should help the woman in everything and show concern for her (for example, carry heavy bags or give up his seat in transport).
For parents adolescence is perhaps the most serious stage in raising real men. This stage is especially difficult for mothers. It’s hard for them to realize that just recently their little boy was an affectionate baby who constantly hugged them, but today he avoids his mother’s caresses. Suddenly, unexpectedly, the sweet boy turned into a grumpy teenager, treating his parents as an obstacle to his happiness. The worst behavior in this case would be attempts to put pressure on the child and endless readings of moral teachings.
From about the age of eleven until the age of fourteen, something strange begins to happen to boys. Previously cheerful and obedient, they become rebels. Unreasonable mood swings and disobedience become typical teenage behavior of boys.
Often, the first reaction of parents to such behavior is punishment and lectures, which are not only absolutely useless, but also deepen the gap growing in the parent-child relationship. Punishments only exacerbate the misunderstanding that reigns between teenagers and their parents.
Often, due to their busyness, fathers neglect raising a teenager, forgetting that their role in him is quite large. Children have to form their own system of moral guidelines, based on the films or TV shows they watch, computer games, or the example of the behavior of their peers. But life guidelines and moral values should be passed on to boys from their parents.
How to properly raise a teenage boy? The main task of adults responsible for raising teenagers is to communicate with them as often as possible. However, concepts should not be replaced when parents read notations - this is not considered communication; communicative interaction between teenagers and their parents should occur on the basis of equality.
Raising children 3 - 4 years old
Crisis of three years
Bad behavior
Many parents complain that during the third birthday, the child becomes stubborn, impudent, hostile, disobedient and uncontrollable. According to child psychiatrist Rudolf Dreikurs and famous psychologist Julia Gippenreiter, there are four main reasons for a child’s bad behavior:
In such a situation, parents should give their child as much attention as possible in the evenings and on weekends. The child, of course, will demand it anyway: “Mom, read to me. Mom, play with me. Mom, I can’t do it.” And if the mother brushes the child off, citing fatigue or household chores, he will begin to look for other ways to attract her attention - and they will not always be “adequate”.
After all, the child very quickly begins to understand that if he sits quietly alone in the room and plays “”, no one will pay attention to him. But when he threw something, broke it, took a dangerous or illegal thing - that’s when attention appears, albeit negative, but attention.
Therefore, try to ignore, praise his positive actions, respond to the child’s calls to play together, and pay attention to him when the baby seems not to be waiting for him.
Ask him for help, involve him in cooperation, organize situations and activities where the child could feel his importance and his authority.
A three-year-old child usually already understands his gender identity well. , girls - on mothers. They strive to imitate them in everything and gladly perform “male” or, conversely, “female” duties.
During this period, a pattern of future relationships with the opposite sex is laid. Therefore, parents should carefully monitor their behavior and speech.
Material for the lesson.
The age of 3-4 years for a child becomes a turning point for many parents. Difficulties may be associated with the peculiarities of the formation and development of the baby as an individual. Learn about all the features of child psychology at 3-4 years old and raising children at this age.
The third year of life is a turning point for every child. At this time, the baby begins to realize his “I” and show independence. Such changes in the worldview are reflected in the character and behavior of the child. Many psychologists call this period a crisis in the child’s development and personality formation.
The child is trying to show you and others that he is already an adult. He often wants to do everyday tasks without assistance. Any attempts to help are met with shouts and discontent. In such situations, the correct reaction on the part of parents is very important.
The behavior and character of the youngest member of your family in the future largely depends on how you raise your child at 3 years old. It is very important to show the child the right guidelines, lay down important moral principles and the foundations of good behavior. However, parents need to do this extremely carefully. After all, every child requires individual approach in education.
The psychology of raising a child aged 3-4 years requires seriousness and responsibility from mom and dad, and some useful tips will help you resolve important issues:
When conflict situations arise, you must not humiliate or offend the child. He needs to know that you love him under any circumstances.
At the age of 4-5 years, the child’s behavior and thinking changes slightly. In his understanding, the idea of “good” and “bad” is formed. Stable emotions arise - like and dislike for something.
Raising a 4-5 year old child requires parents to be tolerant and attentive to the life and interests of the child. During this period, he actively learns the world around us. And the first teachers for a child are his parents.
Some tips for parents will help parents understand and understand the psychology of a 4-5 year old child:
Never compare your child with other children. This attitude creates complexes and causes self-doubt.
Transitional and crisis situations in raising a child can be easily overcome if you pay enough attention to the baby and demonstrate your love for him in every possible way.
Turning three years old brings big changes to the life of a little person. The child makes a big leap in development: he becomes agile, strong, active and cheerful. He knows how to experience and express vivid emotions, and has mastered speech. But suddenly the sweet baby’s character suddenly deteriorates, he becomes uncontrollable, becomes enraged, and his behavior cannot be controlled. This period is difficult for both children and adults who have to understand the issues of raising a 3-year-old child.
Practical teachers have long noted the unevenness of a child’s development in different periods of life, as well as the fact that periods of rapid and rapid development are accompanied by complications in children’s relationships with others. Very often, the third year of life becomes a crisis - this is the first truly difficult test for parents, when even the most flexible child can become rude, capricious, obstinate and hysterical.
In order for raising a 3-year-old child to go smoothly, parents need to understand what their baby is experiencing. At this age, children begin to realize their personality, their characteristics and desires, and they do this by contrasting them with the desires of others, primarily their parents. Therefore, the child often responds to requests in the opposite way, becomes stubborn, displays negativism, and becomes hysterical. This is nothing more than a child’s attempts to show his independence.
Of course, not all children experience a crisis of 3 years so pronounced. Research shows that about a third of children have no symptoms of parenting difficulties. However, the direction of development is the same for all children; no one manages to escape this crisis; only the child’s behavior style differs. This is the determining factor in how to raise a child at 3 years old.
Parents react differently to the 3-year-old crisis, some become irritable, try to suppress and put the baby in his place, taking advantage of their physical and psychological superiority. In other families, on the contrary, when choosing tactics on how to raise a 3-year-old child, parents indulge all the whims of the little tyrant, as long as he does not throw tantrums. Both of these approaches are wrong.
Parents should treat their child’s request for independence with respect and understanding. You need to allow the baby to “win” sometimes, but within reasonable limits. Experts in child psychology note that a child who rarely encounters resistance from adults in response to any of his claims soon becomes hysterical and very unhappy. It is the framework and restrictions that parents set that help the baby navigate the world around him, as well as his own desires and feelings; without them he feels helpless and disoriented.
On the contrary, children who are forbidden to do everything, thus suppressing all primary forms of negativism, subsequently lose initiative. They are not able to occupy themselves or come up with a game, their imagination is impoverished or, conversely, too wild and unproductive.
If parents pay sufficient attention to raising a child at 3 years old, closer to his 4th birthday this absurd confrontation with parents will disappear, he will learn to formulate his plans and adequately defend them. To achieve this, parents will have to be patient and evaluate any situation soberly.
First of all, when raising a child of 3 years old, the coordination of the actions of adults is important. You cannot allow dad to allow what mom prohibits and vice versa. It is necessary to establish certain rules that everyone, including the parents themselves, will adhere to. To extinguish whims and hysterics, you need to constantly switch the baby’s attention to something else, for example, a favorite toy. It is important to remember that prohibitions, orders and demands, or, conversely, constant indulgences, will not achieve the desired effect. Only by ignoring and calmly reacting to your child’s antics can you quickly calm him down.
And the most important thing in raising a 3-year-old child is parental love, the baby should constantly feel it. Sincere praise is important to him, so every right thing he does needs to be accompanied nice words. If the child commits an undesirable action, you need to explain why this should not be done. Under no circumstances should you leave the child to his own devices and wait for this period to pass, as this may lead to more serious problems in the future.
At this age, children begin to understand their gender and differences from others, so at 3 years old it is time to form in the child the concept that he is a man. You need to tell your baby how strong and brave he is. The child’s main role model should be the father, so they should spend more time together, which will help the child feel normal in the future in a team.
Boys are more active than girls, so you need to allow them to burn off their energy outdoors: play outdoor games, run, jump, climb and explore new things. It is necessary to encourage the baby’s independence, provide him with more freedom, without ceasing to discreetly supervise him so that his research is safe. Sometimes a mother should pretend to be weak and helpless in order to teach her son to follow male standards of behavior: let him help carry a bag, open doors, etc. 4.3 out of 5 (7 votes)
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